What are the two components included in total stopping distance?

The two components included in total stopping distance are braking distance and reaction distance.

Total stopping distance refers to the overall distance a vehicle travels from the moment the driver recognizes a need to stop until the vehicle comes to a complete stop. Reaction distance is the distance a vehicle travels while the driver is reacting to a hazard, which typically includes the time it takes for the driver to perceive the danger, decide to stop, and then physically move their foot to the brake pedal.

Braking distance is the distance the vehicle travels from the moment the brakes are applied until it comes to a full stop. This distance depends on several factors, including the speed of the vehicle, the condition of the brakes, and the surface of the road.

By combining these two distances—reaction distance and braking distance—you can determine the total stopping distance, which is crucial for safety in driving scenarios. Understanding this concept helps drivers maintain appropriate following distances and react promptly to potential hazards on the road.